DotnetHorizon

All Mobile Gprs Settings

2009-12-24T02:24:00.000-08:00

GPRS setting for all mobile including Chinese

Airtel Live

Profile Neme: Live
Homepage: http://live.airtelworld.com
Username: blank
Password: blank
APN: airtelfun.com
Proxy and Server Adress or IP: 100.1.200.99
Port: 8080
Data bearer - GPRS or Packet Data.
Authentication: normal

Airtel GPRS or Mobile Office
Profile Neme: mo
Homepage: http://google.com
Username: blank
Password: blank
APN: airtelgprs.com
Proxy and Server Adress or IP: 202.56.231.117
Port: 8080
Data bearer - GPRS or Packet Data.
Authentication: normal

IDEA
Profile Neme:Idea
Homepage: http://wap.ideafresh.com
Username: blank
Password: blank
APN: imis
Proxy and Server Adress or IP: 10.4.42.45
Port: 8080
Data bearer - GPRS or Packet Data.
Authentication: normal

Smart SMARTWAP:

* Account name : SMARTWAP
* Access point name: SMARTWAP
* Home page: http://wap.rworld.co.in/gsm/index.wml
* Wapgateway proxy IP address: 97.253.29.199
* Port: 8080

Smart SMATRNET:

* Account name: SMARTNET
* Access point name: SMARTNET
* Home page: http://www.google.co.in
* Wapgateway proxy IP address: 97.253.29.199
* Port: 8080

Smart MMS:

* Account name: RTLMMS
* Access point name:MMS
* Homepage: http://10.114.0.5/mms/
* Wapgateway IP: 10.114.0.13
* Port: 9401

Vodafone live Settings:

Account Name - Vodafone Live
User Name - leave Blank
Password - leave Blank
Proxy - Enabled/yes
Access Point Name - portalnmms
Proxy - Enabled/yes.
Proxy and Server address - 010.010.001.100
Proxy and Server Port - 9401 or 8080
Homepage - http://live.vodafone.in
Authentication Type - Normal

BSNL gprs Settings:

Account Name - bsnlwap
Username - leave blank
Password - leave blank
Proxy - Enabled/yes
Homepage - http://wap.cellone.in
Proxy and Server address - 010.132.194.196
Proxy and Server Port - 8080
Acces Point Name - wapnorth.cellone.in
Data bearer - GPRS/ Packetdata
Authentication Type - Normal

Need Aircel GPRS/Internet free Setting for Chinese Mobile:

Using Internet through Mobile:
* Account name: Aircel Online
* Home page: http://myaircel.com
* Access point name: aircelwap
* Wapgateway IP: 172.17.83.69
* Port: 8080
*Username - leave blank
*Password - leave blank

Using Internet through Mobile:
* Account name: Aircel Online
* Home page: http://www.google.com
* Access point name: aircelweb
* Wapgateway IP: leave blank
* Port: leave blank
*Username - leave blank
*Password - leave blank

Spice

* Account name: Spice wap
* Home page: http://wap.spicetele.com
*Dial up number: 6830
* Wapgateway IP: 10.200.200.3
* Port: 8080
* Carrier type: Data GSM
*Username - +91 followed by users no.
*Password - spice

BPL
Account Name - BPL WAP

1. Username - leave blank
2. Password - leave blank
3. Proxy - Enabled/yes
4. Homepage - http://wap.mizone.bplmobile.com
5. Proxy and Server address - 10.0.0.10
6. Proxy and Server Port - 8080
7. Acces Point Name - mizone
8. Data bearer - GPRS/ Packetdata
9. Authentication Type - Normal

Tata Docomo
Account Name - Tata Docomo Divein

1. Username - leave blank
2. Password - leave blank
3. Proxy - Enabled/yes
4. Homepage - http://divein.tatadocomo.com
5. Proxy and Server address - 010.124.094.007
6. Proxy and Server Port - 8080
7. Acces Point Name - TATA.DOCOMO.DIVE.IN
8. Data bearer - GPRS/ Packetdata
9. Authentication Type - Normal

Important New Concepts in WPF

2009-11-24T02:32:00.000-08:00

Logical and Visual Trees

XAML is natural for representing a user interface because of its hierarchical nature. In WPF, user interfaces are constructed from a tree of objects known as a logical tree.

Listing 3.1 defines the beginnings of a hypothetical About dialog, using a Window as the root of the logical tree. The Window has a StackPanel child element (described in Chapter 6, "Layout with Panels") containing a few simple controls plus another StackPanel which contains Buttons.

LISTING 3.1 A Simple About Dialog in XAML

  "http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  Title="About WPF Unleashed" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
  Background="OrangeRed">
  
     
        WPF Unleashed (Version 3.0)
     
     © 2006 SAMS Publishing
     Installed Chapters:
     
        Chapter 1
        Chapter 2
     
                      HorizontalAlignment="Center">
        
        
     
     You have successfully registered this
                product.

Figure 3.1 shows the rendered dialog (which you can easily produce by pasting the content of Listing 3.1 into a tool such as XamlPad), and Figure 3.2 illustrates the logical tree for this dialog.

FIGURE 3.1 The rendered dialog from Listing 3.1.

Note that a logical tree exists even for WPF user interfaces that aren't created in XAML. Listing 3.1 could be implemented entirely in procedural code and the logical tree would be identical.

The logical tree concept is straightforward, but why should you care about it? Because just about every aspect of WPF (properties, events, resources, and so on) has behavior tied to the logical tree. For example, property values are sometimes propagated down the tree to child elements automatically, and raised events can travel up or down the tree. Both of these behaviors are discussed later in this chapter.

(Full Size Image)

FIGURE 3.2 The logical tree for Listing 3.1.

Not all logical tree nodes appear in the visual tree; only the elements that derive from System.Windows.Media.Visual or System.Windows.Media.Visual3D are included. Other elements (and simple string content, as in Listing 3.1) are not included because they don't have inherent rendering behavior of their own.

Figure 3.3 illustrates the default visual tree for Listing 3.1 when running on Windows Vista with the Aero theme. This diagram exposes some inner components of the UI that are currently invisible, such as the ListBox's two ScrollBars and each Label's Border. It also reveals that Button, Label, and ListBoxItem are all comprised of the same elements, except Button uses an obscure ButtonChrome element rather than a Border. (These controls have other visual differences as the result of different default property values. For example, Button has a default Margin of 10 on all sides whereas Label has a default Margin of 0.)

TIP XamlPad contains a button in its toolbar that reveals the visual tree (and property values) for any XAML that it renders. It doesn't work when hosting a Window (as in Figure 3.1), but you can change the Window element to a Page (and remove the SizeToContent property) to take advantage of this functionality.

Because they enable you to peer inside the deep composition of WPF elements, visual trees can be surprisingly complex. Fortunately, although visual trees are an essential part of the WPF infrastructure, you often don't need to worry about them unless you're radically restyling controls (covered in Chapter 10, "Styles, Templates, Skins, and Themes") or doing low-level drawing (covered in Chapter 11, "2D Graphics"). Writing code that depends on a specific visual tree for a Button, for example, breaks one of WPF's core tenets—the separation of look and logic. When someone restyles a control like Button using the techniques described in Chapter 10, its entire visual tree is replaced with something that could be completely different.

WCF-Basic Concept

2009-11-24T02:27:00.000-08:00

Basic WCF Concept and Terminologies

Windows Communication Foundation was official released with .NET 3.0 a couple of months ago. For those people who're doing connected, distributed systems or are in any way interested in communication aspects of systems, this ought to be a God-send. WCF basically rolled all the different Microsoft messaging formats into one, making it extremely easy to architect the communication layer of simple to complex applications. This tutorial aims to explain the basic concepts behind the common terminology used in WCF development and design.

Below is a quick overview of the WCF architecture

WCF Programs
WCF programs are basically divided into 3 different types of programs. They are common known as

Clients
Clients are program that consumes the services, they are normally the ones that initiate the messenging to the service. Depending on the designed architecture of your application, it is possible that a service behaves as a client as well.
Services
Services are the programs that offers the services to the consumers. They are the ones that react and process the messages, similar to the backend of the application. They can be viewed as the equivalence of web services in .Net 2.0.

All services have to have endpoints specified in order to work. A good way to remember proper endpoint configurations is ABC. A being Address, B being Binding and C being Contracts.
- Address
  Address are the expose points of services. Services have to tell the world that where they are via addresses.
- Bindings
  Bindings will describe to the world on how they will communicate with the world. They contain information such as transport way, how they are encoded, are they reliable etc.
- Contracts are of (but not necessary all have to be present) 3 different kinds
  - Service Contract
    Describes what the service does.
  - Data Contract
    Define custom messaging structure.
  - Message Contract
    Define the message format that is passed between services.
Intermediaries
Intermediaries are programs that act as "middle-man", their basic roles can be similar to providing a firewall, routing, gateway etc. They are commonly invisible to the client and services.

Messages
All services and clients communicate via messages, which are made up of one body, and one or more header. All WCF messages are XML formatted and transport neutral. In other words, you can specify different forms of transport (HTTP, MSMQ, Named Pipes etc) for different messages. Within each application, you can specify different messaging transport depending on the communication needs of the system. Basically, messages can be divided into

Simplex
One way messaging. Simplex in short means "fire and forget"
Duplex
Asynchronous two-way messaging. In short this means that once fired, the application will carry on doing its own thing. Upon the return results, it will then handle it.
Request Reply
Synchronous 2 way messaging. This is the common communicate method whereby you'll fire a request, and wait for the response before continuing.

Channels
Before a client and service can talk to each other, they have to go through a channel. Imagine a channel as a pipe, with one end being the input message and the other end with the results of the message. There're different channels that can be stacked onto each other, they are commonly known as Channel Stacks. They can be of these different types:

Reliable Sessions
TCP Transport
Binary Message Encoder
Windows Security
Request Reply

The way in which messages are sent through the pipe (Channel) is known as a Transport and they way at which they are encoded are known as Encodings. Transport can be made up of the following:

HTTP
TCP
MSMQ
Named Pipes

I hope this quick overview will be helpful for you.

Link to good sql help site

2009-10-16T04:57:00.000-07:00

SQL Alias

After Triiger Note

2009-08-04T00:32:00.000-07:00

SQL Server 2005 Audit Log Using Triggers

Once a database row has changed how do you retrieve the original data? There are many ways to do this, but for the application I'm working on I decided to use triggers.

Creating triggers in SQL Server 2005 is fairly easy. When you create a trigger you are presented with a template that you can modify to meet your needs. In the template there is a line that reads: SET NOCOUNT ON; with the explanation that tells you why: SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from interfering with SELECT statements. it looks like this:

-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON ;

When using triggers to update another table you need to leave this statement in or you will not be able to update your audit table, from triggers, and you will get the following error message:

The row value(s) updated or deleted either do not make the row unique or they alter multiple rows.

Here are the SQL Statements required to create a table, an audit table, and the triggers :

USE [db]
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[table1](
[table1_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[table1_date] [datetime] NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_table1_table1_date] DEFAULT (getdate()),
[table1_data] [varchar](50) NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_table1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[table1_id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[table1audit](
[table1audit_id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[table1audit_table1id] [int] NULL,
[table1audit_date] [datetime] NULL,
[table1audit_data] [varchar](50) NULL,
[table1audit_type] [varchar](50) NULL,
[table1audit_performed] [datetime] NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_table1audit_table1audit_date] DEFAULT (getdate()),
CONSTRAINT [PK_table1audit] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[table1audit_id] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

CREATE TRIGGER dbo.table1auditdelete
ON dbo.table1
AFTER DELETE
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;

INSERT INTO table1audit(table1audit_table1id, table1audit_date, table1audit_data, table1audit_type)
SELECT table1_id, table1_date, table1_data, 'DELETE'
FROM deleted

END
GO

CREATE TRIGGER dbo.table1auditupdate
ON dbo.table1
AFTER UPDATE
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;

INSERT INTO table1audit(table1audit_table1id, table1audit_date, table1audit_data, table1audit_type)
SELECT table1_id, table1_date, table1_data, 'UPDATE'
FROM inserted

END
GO

CREATE TRIGGER dbo.table1auditinsert
ON dbo.table1
AFTER INSERT
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;

INSERT INTO table1audit(table1audit_table1id, table1audit_date, table1audit_data, table1audit_type)
SELECT table1_id, table1_date, table1_data, 'INSERT'
FROM inserted

END
GO

Networking-PrinterSharing in Win XP

2009-06-23T00:06:00.000-07:00

How to Share Printer in Windows XP
Follow this step-by-step instructions to share printer in Windows XP.
1) Go to Start and click Control Panel. Control Panel Window will appear, then double click Printers and faxes.
2) Printers and Faxes window will appear. Right click the printer you want to share, then click Sharing…
Note: Make sure you've enabled File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks on network card's properties.
3) Select Sharing tab and tick Share this printer to share the printer. You can type in a new name in the Share name text box to change your printer name on the network, however this will not change the printer name on your computer. Click Apply.
Note: If the other users using different version of Windows to access your printer, they will need to install printer driver themselves. You can help by installing additional printer drivers on your Windows XP, so that the printer driver will be installed when other users access the shared printer with different version of Windows. Click Additional Drivers, tick additional driver you would like to install. You will be prompted to install those additional drivers after clicking OK.
4) Once you have shared the printer, you will see there is a hand supporting your printer.

ASPNET QUESTIONS

2009-02-05T21:45:00.000-08:00

Asp.net Questions Posted by Bhaumik 3:19 PM 1 comments »
Que:- What is the sequence in which ASP.NET events are processed ?Ans:- Following is the sequence in which the events occur :-* Page_Init.* Page_Load.* Control events.* Page_Unload event.Page_init event only occurs when first time the page is started, but Page_Load occurs in subsequent request of the page.Que:- In which event are the controls fully loaded ?Ans:- Page_load event guarantees that all controls are fully loaded. Controls are also accessed in Page_Init events but you will see that viewstate is not fully loaded during this event.Que:- How can we identify that the Page is PostBack ?Ans:- Page object has a “IsPostBack” property which can be checked to know that is the page posted back.Que:-What is event bubbling ?Ans:- Server controls like Datagrid, DataList, Repeater can have other child controls inside them. Example DataGrid can have combo box inside datagrid. These child control do not raise there events by themselves, rather they pass the event to the container parent (which can be a datagrid, datalist, repeater), which passed to the page as “ItemCommand” event. As the child control send there events to parent this is termed as event bubbling.Que:- If we want to make sure that no one has tampered with ViewState, how do we ensure it?Ans:- Using the @Page directive EnableViewStateMac to True.Que:- What is AppSetting Section in “Web.Config” file?Ans:- Web.config file defines configuration for a webproject. Using “AppSetting” section we can define user defined values. Example below defined is ConnectionString” section which will be used through out the project for database connection.Que:- Where is ViewState information stored ?Ans:- In HTML Hidden Fields.Que:- How can we create custom controls in ASP.NET ?Ans:- User controls are created using .ASCX in ASP.NET. After .ASCX file is created you need to two things in order that the ASCX can be used in project:* Register the ASCX control in page using the .Example:-* Now to use the above accounting footer in page you can use the below directive.Que:- How many types of validation controls are provided by ASP.NET ?Ans:- There are six main types of validation controls :-1). RequiredFieldValidator :-It checks whether the control have any value. It's used when you want the control should not be empty.2). RangeValidator :- It checks if the value in validated control is in that specific range. ExampleTxtCustomerCode should not be more than eight length.3). CompareValidator:-It checks that the value in controls should match the value in other control. ExampleTextbox TxtPie should be equal to 3.14.4). RegularExpressionValidator:-When we want the control value should match with a specific regular expression.5). CustomValidator:-It is used to define UserDefined validation.6). ValidationSummary:-It displays summary of all current validation errors.Que:- Can you explain what is “AutoPostBack” feature in ASP.NET ?Ans:- If we want the control to automatically postback in case of any event, we will need to check this attribute as true. Example on a ComboBox change we need to send the event immediately to the server side then set the “AutoPostBack” attribute to true.Que:- How can you enable automatic paging in DataGrid ?Ans:- Following are the points to be done in order to enable paging in Datagrid :-* Set the “AllowPaging” to true.* In PageIndexChanged event set the current pageindex clicked.Que:-What is the difference between “Web.config” and “Machine.Config” ?Ans:- “Web.config” files apply settings to each web application, while Machine.config” file apply settings to all ASP.NET applications.Que:- What is the difference between Server.Transfer and response.Redirect ?Ans:- Following are the major differences between them:-* Response.Redirect sends message to the browser saying it to move to somedifferent page, while server.transfer does not send any message to the browserbut rather redirects the user directly from the server itself. So in server.transferthere is no round trip while response.redirect has a round trip and hence putsa load on server.* Using Server.Transfer you can not redirect to a different from the server itself.Example if your server is www.yahoo.com you can use server.transfer to moveto www.microsoft.com but yes you can move to www.yahoo.com/travels, i.e.within websites. This cross server redirect is possible only usingResponse.redirect.* With server.transfer you can preserve your information. It has a parametercalled as “preserveForm”. So the existing query string etc. will be able in thecalling page. In response.redirect you can maintain the state, but haslot of drawbacks.Que:- What is the difference between Authentication and authorization?Ans:- This can be a tricky question. These two concepts seem altogether similar but there is wide range of difference. Authentication is verifying the identity of a user and authorization is process where we check does this identity have access rights to the system. In short we can say the following authentication is the process of obtaining some sort of credentials from the users and using those credentials to verify the user’s identity. Authorization is the process of allowing an authenticated user access to resources. Authentication always proceed to Authorization; even if your application lets anonymous users connect and usethe application, it still authenticates them as being anonymous.Que:- What are the various ways of authentication techniques in ASP.NET?Ans:- Selecting an authentication provider is as simple as making an entry in the web.config file for the application. You can use one of these entries to select the corresponding built in authentication provider:* authentication mode=”windows”* authentication mode=”passport”* authentication mode=”forms”* Custom authentication where you might install an ISAPI filter in IIS thatcompares incoming requests to list of source IP addresses, and considersrequests to be authenticated if they come from an acceptable address. In thatcase, you would set the authentication mode to none to prevent any of the.net authentication providers from being triggered.Que:- How does authorization work in ASP.NET?Ans:- ASP.NET impersonation is controlled by entries in the applications web.config file. The default setting is “no impersonation”. You can explicitly specify that ASP.NET shouldn’t use impersonation by including the following code in the fileIt means that ASP.NET will not perform any authentication and runs with its ownprivileges. By default ASP.NET runs as an unprivileged account named ASPNET. Youcan change this by making a setting in the processModel section of the machine.configfile. When you make this setting, it automatically applies to every site on the server. To user a high-privileged system account instead of a low-privileged set the userNameattribute of the processModel element to SYSTEM. Using this setting is a definite security risk, as it elevates the privileges of the ASP.NET process to a point where it can do bad things to the operating system.Que:- What’s difference between Datagrid, Datalist and repeater ?Ans:- A Datagrid, Datalist and Repeater are all ASP.NET data Web controls.They have many things in common like DataSource Property, DataBind MethodItemDataBound and ItemCreated.When you assign the DataSource Property of a Datagrid to a DataSet then each DataRowpresent in the DataRow Collection of DataTable is assigned to a correspondingDataGridItem and this is same for the rest of the two controls also. But The HTML code generated for a Datagrid has an HTML TABLE element created for the particular DataRow and its a Table form representation with Columns and Rows.For a Datalist its an Array of Rows and based on the Template Selected and theRepeatColumn Property value We can specify how many DataSource records shouldappear per HTML table row. In short in datagrid we have one record per row, but indatalist we can have five or six rows per row.For a Repeater Control, the Datarecords to be displayed depends upon the Templatesspecified and the only HTML generated is the due to the Templates.In addition to these, Datagrid has a in-built support for Sort, Filter and paging the Data,which is not possible when using a DataList and for a Repeater Control we would require to write an explicit code to do paging.Que:- From performance point of view how do they rate ?Ans:- Repeater is fastest followed by Datalist and finally datagrid.Que:- What is the method to customize columns in DataGrid?Ans:- Use the template column.Que:- How can we format data inside DataGrid?Ans:- Use the DataFormatString property.Que:- How to decide on the design consideration to take a Datagrid, datalist or repeater ?Ans:- Many make a blind choice of choosing datagrid directly, but that's not the right way.Datagrid provides ability to allow the end-user to sort, page, and edit its data. But it comes at a cost of speed. Second the display format is simple that is in row and columns.Real life scenarios can be more demanding that With its templates, the DataList provides more control over the look and feel of the displayed data than the DataGrid. It offers better performance than datagrid Repeater control allows for complete and total control. With the Repeater, the only HTML emitted are the values of the databinding statements in the templates along with the HTML markup specified in the templates—no "extra" HTML is emitted, as with the DataGrid and DataList. By requiring the developer to specify the complete generated HTML markup, the Repeater often requires the longest development time. But repeater does not provide editing features like datagrid so everything has to be coded by programmer. However, the Repeater does boast the best performance of the three data Web controls.Repeater is fastest followed by Datalist and finally datagrid.Que:- Difference between ASP and ASP.NET?Ans:- ASP.NET new feature supports are as follows :-Better Language Support* New ADO.NET Concepts have been implemented.ASP.NET supports full language (C#, VB.NET, C++) and not simple scriptinglike VBSCRIPT..Better controls than ASP* ASP.NET covers large set’s of HTML controls..* Better Display grid like Datagrid, Repeater and datalist.Many of the displaygrids have paging support.Controls have events support* All ASP.NET controls support events.* Load, Click and Change events handled by code makes coding much simpler and much better organized.Compiled CodeThe first request for an ASP.NET page on the server will compile the ASP.NET code andkeep a cached copy in memory. The result of this is greatly increased performance.Better Authentication SupportASP.NET supports forms-based user authentication, including cookie management andautomatic redirecting of unauthorized logins. (You can still do your custom login page and custom user checking).User Accounts and RolesASP.NET allows for user accounts and roles, to give each user (with a given role) access to different server code and executables.High Scalability* Much has been done with ASP.NET to provide greater scalability.* Server to server communication has been greatly enhanced, making it possibleto scale an application over several servers. One example of this is the abilityto run XML parsers, XSL transformations and even resource hungry session objects on other servers.Easy ConfigurationConfiguration of ASP.NET is done with plain text files.* Configuration files can be uploaded or changed while the application is running.No need to restart the server. No more metabase or registry puzzle.Easy DeploymentNo more server restart to deploy or replace compiled code. ASP.NET simply redirects all new requests to the new code.Que:- What are major events in GLOBAL.ASAX file ?Ans:- The Global.asax file, which is derived from the HttpApplication class, maintains a poolof HttpApplication objects, and assigns them to applications as needed. The Global.asaxfile contains the following events:Application_Init: Fired when an application initializes or is first called. It is invoked forall HttpApplication object instances.Application_Disposed: Fired just before an application is destroyed. This is the ideallocation for cleaning up previously used resources.Application_Error: Fired when an unhandled exception is encountered within theapplication.Application_Start: Fired when the first instance of the HttpApplication class is created.It allows you to create objects that are accessible by all HttpApplication instances.Application_End: Fired when the last instance of an HttpApplication class is destroyed.It is fired only once during an application's lifetime.Application_BeginRequest: Fired when an application request is received. It is the firstevent fired for a request, which is often a page request (URL) that a user enters.Application_EndRequest: The last event fired for an application request.Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute: Fired before the ASP.NET page frameworkbegins executing an event handler like a page or Web service.Application_PostRequestHandlerExecute: Fired when the ASP.NET page framework has finished executing an event handlerApplcation_PreSendRequestHeaders: Fired before the ASP.NET page framework sendsHTTP headers to a requesting client (browser).Application_UpdateRequestCache: Fired when the ASP.NET page framework completeshandler execution to allow caching modules to store responses to be used to handlesubsequent requests.Application_AuthenticateRequest: Fired when the security module has established thecurrent user's identity as valid. At this point, the user's credentials have been validated.Application_AuthorizeRequest: Fired when the security module has verified that a usercan access resources.Session_Start: Fired when a new user visits the application Web site.Session_End: Fired when a user's session times out, ends, or they leave the applicationWeb site.Que:- What order they are triggered ?Ans:- They're triggered in the following order:* Application_BeginRequest* Application_AuthenticateRequest* Application_AuthorizeRequest* Application_ResolveRequestCache* Application_AcquireRequestState* Application_PreRequestHandlerExecute* Application_PreSendRequestHeaders* Application_PreSendRequestContent<>* Application_PostRequestHandlerExecute* Application_ReleaseRequestState* Application_UpdateRequestCache* Application_EndRequest.Que:- How can we force all the validation control to run ?Ans:- Page.ValidateQue:- How can we check if all the validation control are valid and proper ?Ans:- Using the Page.IsValid() property you can check whether all the validation are done.Que:- Which JavaScript file is referenced for validating the validators at the client side ?Ans:- WebUIValidation.js javascript file installed at “aspnet_client” root IIS directory is usedto validate the validation controls at the client sideQue:- What is Tracing in ASP.NET ?Ans:- Tracing allows us to view how the code was executed in detail.Que:- How do we enable tracing ?Ans:- Que:- How can we kill a user session ?Ans:- Session.abandonQue:- How do I send email message from ASP.NET ?ANs:- ASP.NET provides two namespaces System.WEB.mailmessage classandSystem.Web.Mail.Smtpmail class. Just a small homework create a Asp.NET project andsend a email at "Email Adress". Do not Spam.Que:- Explain the differences between Server-side and Client-side code?Ans:- Server side code is executed at the server side on IIS in ASP.NET framework, whileclient side code is executed on the browser.

Normalization

2009-01-28T22:15:00.000-08:00

What is Normalization?

Normalization is the process of efficiently organizing data in a database. There are two goals of the normalization process: eliminating redundant data (for example, storing the same data in more than one table) and ensuring data dependencies make sense (only storing related data in a table). Both of these are worthy goals as they reduce the amount of space a database consumes and ensure that data is logically stored.

The Normal Forms

The database community has developed a series of guidelines for ensuring that databases are normalized. These are referred to as normal forms and are numbered from one (the lowest form of normalization, referred to as first normal form or 1NF) through five (fifth normal form or 5NF). In practical applications, you'll often see 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF along with the occasional 4NF. Fifth normal form is very rarely seen and won't be discussed in this article.

Before we begin our discussion of the normal forms, it's important to point out that they are guidelines and guidelines only. Occasionally, it becomes necessary to stray from them to meet practical business requirements. However, when variations take place, it's extremely important to evaluate any possible ramifications they could have on your system and account for possible inconsistencies. That said, let's explore the normal forms.

First Normal Form (1NF)

First normal form (1NF) sets the very basic rules for an organized database:

Eliminate duplicative columns from the same table.
Create separate tables for each group of related data and identify each row with a unique column or set of columns (the primary key).

Second Normal Form (2NF)

Second normal form (2NF) further addresses the concept of removing duplicative data:

Meet all the requirements of the first normal form.
Remove subsets of data that apply to multiple rows of a table and place them in separate tables.
Create relationships between these new tables and their predecessors through the use of foreign keys.

Third Normal Form (3NF)

Third normal form (3NF) goes one large step further:

Meet all the requirements of the second normal form.
Remove columns that are not dependent upon the primary key.

Fourth Normal Form (4NF)

Finally, fourth normal form (4NF) has one additional requirement:

Meet all the requirements of the third normal form.
A relation is in 4NF if it has no multi-valued dependencies.

Import / Export Excel Spreadsheet Data into SQL Server Database Table Using SqlBulkCopy

2008-11-06T21:42:00.000-08:00

Using SqlBulkCopy to Import Excel Spreadsheet Data into SQL Server
Let's take an Excel Workbook with a worksheet, called Data, that contains 1000 rows of nonsense data broken into 2 columns, ID and Data.

I want to copy this data into a SQL Server Database Table, called ExcelData, with the same schema.

Just a little bit of code transfers the data from the Excel Spreadsheet into the SQL Server Database Table:
// Connection String to Excel Workbook
string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft .Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=Book1.xls;Extended Properties=""Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;""";
// Create Connection to Excel Workbook
using (OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString))
{
OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand ("Select ID,Data FROM [Data$]", connection);
connection.Open();

// Create DbDataReader to Data Worksheet
using (DbDataReader dr = command.ExecuteReader())
{
// SQL Server Connection String
string sqlConnectionString = "Data Source=.; Initial Catalog=Test;Integrated Security=True";
// Bulk Copy to SQL Server
using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(sqlConnectionString))
{
bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "ExcelData";
bulkCopy.WriteToServer(dr);
}
}
}

Find all databases that the current user has access to

2008-07-15T04:49:00.000-07:00

SELECT [Name] as DatabaseName from master.dbo.sysdatabases

WHERE ISNULL(HAS_DBACCESS ([Name]),0)=1

ORDER BY [Name]

How to back up a database using script in SQL SERVER 2005

2008-07-15T04:39:00.001-07:00

Use this script in order to backup a database :/*Author : Suprotim AgarwalCreation Date: Jan 2, 2008*/CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[usersp_BackUpDB]@DBNAME nvarchar(50),@PATH nvarchar(200),@BCKUPNAME nvarchar(50)ASBACKUP DATABASE @DBNAMETO DISK = @PATHWITH NOFORMAT, NOINIT,NAME = @BCKUPNAME,STATS = 10You can call this script using :DECLARE @return_value intEXEC @return_value = [dbo].[usersp_BackUpDB]@DBNAME = N'Northwind',@PATH = N'C:\temp\Northwind.bak',@BCKUPNAME = N'NW'SELECT 'Return Value' = @return_valueGO

New Interview Tips on .net

2008-07-15T04:03:00.000-07:00

What is an application server?
As defined in Wikipedia, an application server is a software engine that delivers applications to client computers or devices. The application server runs your server code. Some well known application servers are IIS (Microsoft), WebLogic Server (BEA), JBoss (Red Hat), WebSphere (IBM).
Compare C# and VB.NET
A detailed comparison can be found over here.
What is a base class and derived class?
A class is a template for creating an object. The class from which other classes derive fundamental functionality is called a base class. For e.g. If Class Y derives from Class X, then Class X is a base class.

The class which derives functionality from a base class is called a derived class. If Class Y derives from Class X, then Class Y is a derived class.
What is an extender class?
An extender class allows you to extend the functionality of an existing control. It is used in Windows forms applications to add properties to controls.
A demonstration of extender classes can be found over here.
What is inheritance?
Inheritance represents the relationship between two classes where one type derives functionality from a second type and then extends it by adding new methods, properties, events, fields and constants.

C# support two types of inheritance:
· Implementation inheritance
· Interface inheritance
What is implementation and interface inheritance?
When a class (type) is derived from another class(type) such that it inherits all the members of the base type it is Implementation Inheritance.
When a type (class or a struct) inherits only the signatures of the functions from another type it is Interface Inheritance.
In general Classes can be derived from another class, hence support Implementation inheritance. At the same time Classes can also be derived from one or more interfaces. Hence they support Interface inheritance.
Source: Exforsys.
What is inheritance hierarchy?
The class which derives functionality from a base class is called a derived class. A derived class can also act as a base class for another class. Thus it is possible to create a tree-like structure that illustrates the relationship between all related classes. This structure is known as the inheritance hierarchy.
How do you prevent a class from being inherited?
In VB.NET you use the NotInheritable modifier to prevent programmers from using the class as a base class. In C#, use the sealed keyword.
When should you use inheritance?
Read this.
Define Overriding?
Overriding is a concept where a method in a derived class uses the same name, return type, and arguments as a method in its base class. In other words, if the derived class contains its own implementation of the method rather than using the method in the base class, the process is called overriding.
Can you use multiple inheritance in .NET?
.NET supports only single inheritance. However the purpose is accomplished using multiple interfaces.
Why don’t we have multiple inheritance in .NET?
There are several reasons for this. In simple words, the efforts are more, benefits are less. Different languages have different implementation requirements of multiple inheritance. So in order to implement multiple inheritance, we need to study the implementation aspects of all the languages that are CLR compliant and then implement a common methodology of implementing it. This is too much of efforts. Moreover multiple interface inheritance very much covers the benefits that multiple inheritance has.
What is an Interface?
An interface is a standard or contract that contains only the signatures of methods or events. The implementation is done in the class that inherits from this interface. Interfaces are primarily used to set a common standard or contract.
When should you use abstract class vs interface or What is the difference between an abstract class and interface?
I would suggest you to read this. There is a good comparison given over here.
What are events and delegates?
An event is a message sent by a control to notify the occurrence of an action. However it is not known which object receives the event. For this reason, .NET provides a special type called Delegate which acts as an intermediary between the sender object and receiver object.
What is business logic?
It is the functionality which handles the exchange of information between database and a user interface.
What is a component?
Component is a group of logically related classes and methods. A component is a class that implements the IComponent interface or uses a class that implements IComponent interface.
What is a control?
A control is a component that provides user-interface (UI) capabilities.
What are the differences between a control and a component?
The differences can be studied over here.
What are design patterns?
Design patterns are common solutions to common design problems.
What is a connection pool?
A connection pool is a ‘collection of connections’ which are shared between the clients requesting one. Once the connection is closed, it returns back to the pool. This allows the connections to be reused.
What is a flat file?
A flat file is the name given to text, which can be read or written only sequentially.
What are functional and non-functional requirements?
Functional requirements defines the behavior of a system whereas non-functional requirements specify how the system should behave; in other words they specify the quality requirements and judge the behavior of a system.
E.g.
Functional - Display a chart which shows the maximum number of products sold in a region.
Non-functional – The data presented in the chart must be updated every 5 minutes.
What is the global assembly cache (GAC)?
GAC is a machine-wide cache of assemblies that allows .NET applications to share libraries. GAC solves some of the problems associated with dll’s (DLL Hell).
What is a stack? What is a heap? Give the differences between the two?
Stack is a place in the memory where value types are stored. Heap is a place in the memory where the reference types are stored.

Check this link for the differences.
What is instrumentation?
It is the ability to monitor an application so that information about the application’s progress, performance and status can be captured and reported.
What is code review?
The process of examining the source code generally through a peer, to verify it against best practices.
What is logging?
Logging is the process of persisting information about the status of an application.
What are mock-ups?
Mock-ups are a set of designs in the form of screens, diagrams, snapshots etc., that helps verify the design and acquire feedback about the application’s requirements and use cases, at an early stage of the design process.
What is a Form?
A form is a representation of any window displayed in your application. Form can be used to create standard, borderless, floating, modal windows.
What is a multiple-document interface(MDI)?
A user interface container that enables a user to work with more than one document at a time. E.g. Microsoft Excel.
What is a single-document interface (SDI) ?
A user interface that is created to manage graphical user interfaces and controls into single windows. E.g. Microsoft Word
What is BLOB ?
A BLOB (binary large object) is a large item such as an image or an exe represented in binary form.
What is ClickOnce?
ClickOnce is a new deployment technology that allows you to create and publish self-updating applications that can be installed and run with minimal user interaction.
What is object role modeling (ORM) ?
It is a logical model for designing and querying database models. There are various ORM tools in the market like CaseTalk, Microsoft Visio for Enterprise Architects, Infagon etc.
What is a private assembly?
A private assembly is local to the installation directory of an application and is used only by that application.
What is a shared assembly?
A shared assembly is kept in the global assembly cache (GAC) and can be used by one or more applications on a machine.
What is the difference between user and custom controls?
User controls are easier to create whereas custom controls require extra effort.
User controls are used when the layout is static whereas custom controls are used in dynamic layouts.
A user control cannot be added to the toolbox whereas a custom control can be.
A separate copy of a user control is required in every application that uses it whereas since custom controls are stored in the GAC, only a single copy can be used by all applications.
Where do custom controls reside?
In the global assembly cache (GAC).
What is a third-party control ?
A third-party control is one that is not created by the owners of a project. They are usually used to save time and resources and reuse the functionality developed by others (third-party).
What is a binary formatter?
Binary formatter is used to serialize and deserialize an object in binary format.
What is Boxing/Unboxing?
Boxing is used to convert value types to object.
E.g. int x = 1;
object obj = x ;
Unboxing is used to convert the object back to the value type.
E.g. int y = (int)obj;
Boxing/unboxing is quiet an expensive operation.
What is a COM Callable Wrapper (CCW)?
CCW is a wrapper created by the common language runtime(CLR) that enables COM components to access .NET objects.
What is a Runtime Callable Wrapper (RCW)?
RCW is a wrapper created by the common language runtime(CLR) to enable .NET components to call COM components.
What is a digital signature?
A digital signature is an electronic signature used to verify/gurantee the identity of the individual who is sending the message.
What is garbage collection?
Garbage collection is the process of managing the allocation and release of memory in your applications. Read this article for more information.
What is globalization?
Globalization is the process of customizing applications that support multiple cultures and regions.
What is localization?
Localization is the process of customizing applications that support a given culture and regions.
What is MIME?
The definition of MIME or Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions as stated in MSDN is “MIME is a standard that can be used to include content of various types in a single message. MIME extends the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) format of mail messages to include multiple content, both textual and non-textual. Parts of the message may be images, audio, or text in different character sets. The MIME standard derives from RFCs such as 2821 and 2822”. Quoted from here.

SQL SERVER - Query Analyzer Shortcuts

2008-06-27T07:24:00.001-07:00

Shortcut Function Shortcut Function
ALT+BREAK Cancel a query CTRL+SHIFT+F2 Clear all bookmarks
ALT+F1 Database object information CTRL+SHIFT+INSERT Insert a template
ALT+F4 Exit CTRL+SHIFT+L Make selection lowercase
CTRL+A Select all CTRL+SHIFT+M Replace template parameters
CTRL+B Move the splitter CTRL+SHIFT+P Open
CTRL+C Copy CTRL+SHIFT+R Remove comment
CTRL+D Display results in grid format CTRL+SHIFT+S Show client statistics
CTRL+Delete Delete through the end of the line CTRL+SHIFT+T Show server trace
CTRL+E Execute query CTRL+SHIFT+U Make selection uppercase
CTRL+F Find CTRL+T Display results in text format
CTRL+F2 Insert/remove bookmark CTRL+U Change database
CTRL+F4 Disconnect CTRL+V Paste
CTRL+F5 Parse query and check syntax CTRL+W Window selector
CTRL+G Go to line CTRL+X Delete
CTRL+H Replace CTRL+Z Undo
CTRL+I Index Tuning Wizard F1 Help for Query Analyzer
CTRL+K Display/hide execution plan F2 Move to next bookmark
CTRL+L Display execution plan F3 Repeat last search
CTRL+N New query window F4 Object Search
CTRL+O Connect F5 Execute a query
CTRL+P Print F6 Switch between query and result panes
CTRL+R Show/Hide results pane F8 Show/hide Object Browser
CTRL+S Save SHIFT+F1 Transact-SQL help
CTRL+SHIFT+0 Show options SHIFT+F2 Move to previous bookmark
CTRL+SHIFT+C Comment out code SHIFT+TAB Decrease indent
CTRL+SHIFT+DEL Clear the active Editor pane SHIFT+F6 Switch panes
CTRL+SHIFT+F Save results to file TAB Increase indent

Query for Display second max salary of Employee

2008-06-27T00:23:00.000-07:00

select * from newemployee em where
2=(select count(distinct sal) from newemployee e where e.sal<=em.sal).

How we can count duplicate entery in particular table against Primary Key ? What are constraints?

2008-06-26T06:43:00.000-07:00

The syntax in the previous answer (where count(*) > 1) is very questionable. suppose you think that you have duplicate employee numbers. there's no need to count them to find out which values were duplicate but the followin SQL will show only the empnos that are duplicate and how many exist in the table:

Select empno, count(*)

from employee

group by empno

having count(*) > 1

Generally speaking aggregate functions (count, sum, avg etc.) go in the HAVING clause. I know some systems allow them in the WHERE clause but you must be very careful in interpreting the result. WHERE COUNT(*) > 1 will absolutely NOT work in DB2 or ORACLE.
Sybase and SQLServer is a different animal.

Posed By:Jagannath Karmakar

Delete Duplicate Rows using Single Line Sql

2008-06-26T04:04:00.000-07:00

with t as (select row_number()over(partition by asid,imagepath order by asid) as rnum from amz_image)
delete from t where rnum>1

How does the server identify a browser ?

2008-05-14T04:12:00.000-07:00

The first time when a browser request a page, server establishes a session and creates a session Id. Server returns this ID to the browser as part of the 'Response'. This ID is not displayed to the user. Browser will keep this internally. There are cases where this Session ID can be visible to the users. Visit HomeDepot.com and hit any link from the home page. Then check the URL in the browser. You can see a string like BV_SessionID=@@@@0941891585.1123945660@@@@. This number represents the session id. This particular site sends the session id as a query string in the URL. If you delete this session id from the url, server will treat it as a new session and will create a new session. But ideally, in a ASP.NET web site, there is no need to make the session id publicly visible. Server can keep it internally and send to server without annoying you.After the browser gets a session ID, it will send the session ID to the server along with each additional page requests it makes. The webserver can identify the sessions using this Id. For some reason, if the session times out, then this ID will be no longer valid. In such cases, server will create a new session and will treat this request as a new request.

SQL SERVER - Import CSV File Into SQL Server Using Bulk Insert - Load Comma Delimited File Into SQL Server

2008-05-13T06:28:00.000-07:00

This is very common request recently - How to import CSV file into SQL Server? How to load CSV file into SQL Server Database Table? How to load comma delimited file into SQL Server? Let us see the solution in quick steps.
CSV stands for Comma Separated Values, sometimes also called Comma Delimited Values.
Create TestTableUSE TestData
GO
CREATE TABLE CSVTest
(ID INT,
FirstName VARCHAR(40),
LastName VARCHAR(40),
BirthDate SMALLDATETIME)
GO
Create CSV file in drive C: with name csvtest.txt with following content. The location of the file is C:\csvtest.txt1,James,Smith,19750101
2,Meggie,Smith,19790122
3,Robert,Smith,20071101
4,Alex,Smith,20040202

BULK
INSERT CSVTest
FROM ‘c:\csvtest.txt’
WITH
(
FIELDTERMINATOR = ‘,’,
ROWTERMINATOR = ‘\n’
)
GO
Check the content of the table.SELECT *
FROM CSVTest
GO
Drop the table to clean up database.SELECT *
FROM CSVTest
GO

SQL to Select a random row from a database table

2008-05-13T06:13:00.000-07:00

There are lots of ways to select a random record or row from a database table. Here are some example SQL statements that don't require additional application logic, but each database server requires different SQL syntax.
Select a random row with MySQL:SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RAND()
LIMIT 1
Select a random row with PostgreSQL:SELECT column FROM table
ORDER BY RANDOM()
LIMIT 1
Select a random row with Microsoft SQL Server:SELECT TOP 1 column FROM table
ORDER BY NEWID()

test

2008-05-13T03:19:00.000-07:00